It's possible to see brain activity associated with an increased risk of developing anxiety and other psychiatric disorders in infants
disorders as adults. Predisposition to anxiety disorders in mothers is associated with increases in anxiety disorders in their children. This potential for children to develop anxiety disorders likely involves both genetic predisposition and environmental influences.
Functional brain imaging in infants is extremely challenging and complex. Over the past several years, Sylvester and colleagues have developed methods to use fMRI reliably to measure functional brain activity in babies. In the present study,babies were placed in an MRI scanner for a total of about six minutes. In addition to the constant background hum of the scanner, 400-millisecond white noise bursts were introduced at random intervals every 9 to 14 seconds.
The authors measured functional brain responses to white noise stimuli in 45 infants . Mothers of 41 of those infants had completed the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Sylvester et al. compared the magnitude of the responses in infants with mothers with higher versus lower trait anxiety scores. They identified brain regions with responses that were significantly higher in infants with mothers with high trait anxiety.
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