The report, issued after long pause in post-storm reviews, found the agency must improve how it communicates flash flood threats and reaches vulnerable groups.
. Meteorologists and social scientists say they all underscore an important lesson: Even the most precise and accurate forecast must be shared in a way the public can easily grasp to keep people safe.“It’s not just the meteorology that matters — it’s how people understand, respond to and have access to information that often makes more of a difference in terms of survivability,” said Jen Henderson, an assistant professor of geography at Texas Tech University.
Ida presented complex, if not unprecedented, challenges for meteorologists. It made landfall in Port Fourchon, La., Aug. 29, 2021, as a dangerous Category 4 storm, and then carried torrential rains across the eastern United States. Like Superstorm Sandy in 2012, Ida was no longer technically a tropical storm when it impacted the Mid-Atlantic region over Labor Day weekend.
But the majority of the deaths Ida caused occurred after it transitioned from a hurricane to what meteorologists term an “extratropical” storm, the report found. Of 87 deaths from Louisiana to New England, 53 occurred during the latter phase of the storm, and flooding was to blame for 52 of them, the report found.
“Multiple interviews indicated that some partners did not know how to find rainfall rate forecasts; rainfall rates were a big driver of the impacts and would have helped decision-makers,” the report said. Its authors include more than two dozen government scientists who are tasked with conducting an objective review; a federal rule prevents the Weather Service from bringing in outsiders to advise a government agency, said Mike Sowko, the agency’s chief of performance and evaluations.
In addition, the report found that the Weather Service had limited means, if any, to share warning information with some of the people most vulnerable to the flash flooding. Many people in lower-income communities use cellphones as their primary “lifeline for information,” and in some of the hardest-hit New York City neighborhoods predominantly speak languages including Chinese, Russian, French Creole, Bengali and Korean.
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