Research links long-term exposure to traffic noise and type 2 diabetes Diabetes Type2Diabetes Noise RoadTraffic Railway Lifestyle DCCC_RT roskildeuni UniSouthDenmark AarhusUni
By Suchandrima BhowmikNov 21 2022Reviewed by Benedette Cuffari, M.Sc. According to the World Health Organization , the prevalence of people who have diabetes has increased globally, from 108 million in 1980 to 422 million in 2014.
Noise can be indirectly harmful by arousing the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis and autonomic nervous system, thereby leading to the release of stress hormones. A new Environmental Research study analyzes railway and road noise at the least and most exposed residential facades and the risk of T2D. The researchers of this study also evaluated the confounding of the degree of residual lifestyles in register-based studies.
Information on area-level socioeconomic status was also collected. A Charlson comorbidity index was calculated for each cohort member as a time-dependent variable using ICD10 codes and diagnosis dates from the Danish National Patient Registry that were updated for each cohort member upon a comorbidity diagnosis. This was based on the number of diseases during the previous five years, thus the preceding one to six years. By allowing a one-year lag, the index was not affected by T2D diagnosis.
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Risk for newly diagnosed diabetes after COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis - BMC MedicineBackground There is growing evidence that patients recovering after a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection may have a variety of acute sequelae including newly diagnosed diabetes. However, the risk of diabetes in the post-acute phase is unclear. To solve this question, we aimed to determine if there was any association between status post-coronavirus disease (COVID-19) infection and a new diagnosis of diabetes. Methods We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies assessing new-onset diabetes after COVID-19. PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases were all searched from inception to June 10, 2022. Three evaluators independently extracted individual study data and assessed the risk of bias. Random-effects models estimated the pooled incidence and relative risk (RR) of diabetes compared to non-COVID-19 after COVID-19. Results Nine studies with nearly 40 million participants were included. Overall, the incidence of diabetes after COVID-19 was 15.53 (7.91–25.64) per 1000 person-years, and the relative risk of diabetes after COVID-19 infection was elevated (RR 1.62 [1.45–1.80]). The relative risk of type 1 diabetes was RR=1.48 (1.26–1.75) and type 2 diabetes was RR=1.70 (1.32–2.19), compared to non-COVID-19 patients. At all ages, there was a statistically significant positive association between infection with COVID-19 and the risk of diabetes: 65 years: RR=1.68 (1.22–2.30). The relative risk of diabetes in different gender groups was about 2 (males: RR=2.08 [1.27–3.40]; females: RR=1.99 [1.47–2.80]). The risk of diabetes increased 1.17-fold (1.02–1.34) after COVID-19 infection compared to patients with general upper respiratory tract infections. Patients with severe COVID-19 were at higher risk (RR=1.67 [1.25–2.23]) of diabetes after COVID-19. The risk (RR=1.95 [1.85–2.06]) of diabetes was highest in the first 3 months after COVID-19. These results remained after taking confounding factors into acco
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