COVID-19's future is uncertain as infections increase and tracking decreases Coronavirus Disease COVID19 Evolution Omicron BA4 BA5 viral surveillance SARSCoV2 VirusesMDPI montanastate BozemanHealth
By Nidhi Saha, BDSSep 14 2022Reviewed by Benedette Cuffari, M.Sc. A recent Viruses review provides an overview of how the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 genome has changed throughout the course of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. To this end, the researchers analyzed all publicly available SARS-CoV-2 genomes, 97,437 randomly selected for further analysis.
The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant was first detected in South Africa on November 9, 2021, and was subsequently declared a VOC by the WHO on November 26, 2021. The Omicron spike protein consists of 26-32 mutations compared to previously sequenced viral isolates. Widespread SARS-CoV-2 mutations The 97,437 SARS-CoV-2 protein sequences analyzed in the current study identified non-synonymous mutations in 26 different sequences. Therefore, the researchers were particularly interested in assessing whether mutations acquired in replication-associated SARS-CoV-2 proteins affected viral replication processes.
Related StoriesFurther analysis demonstrated that the SARS-CoV-2 structural spike, envelope, membrane, and nucleocapsid proteins, as well as the accessory proteins, including open reading frame 7a , ORF7b, ORF9, and ORF9b, have evolved more rapidly as compared to the non-structural proteins. Nevertheless, further research is needed to elucidate whether each of these scenarios is, in fact, responsible for the emergence of the Omicron variant.
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