Young Innovators: 'I started to question why braces and wisdom tooth surgeries were so widespread today.'
“Dialing back the clock just a few hundred years to before the Industrial Revolution, we don’t see impacted wisdom teeth in most people, including our great-great-great-great grandparents,” said Elsa Van Ankum, an evolutionary developmental anthropology PhD student in the Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology in the U of S College of Medicine.We deliver the local news you need in these turbulent times on weekdays at 3 p.m.
Through lab experiments, Van Ankum has found that mice raised on a soft food diet that was also deficient in vitamin D tend to have smaller, differently shaped jaws. Vitamin D is important for healthy bone and tooth formation and growth. Lack of vitamin D also appeared to result in wider tooth roots, which connect the tooth to the jawbone, influencing the size of the root canal.
“My PhD study is the first to test if the timing of molar development is linked to food texture, vitamin D, and jaw form using human archeological samples. We are closer to explaining why our wisdom teeth give us such problems, which could lead to non-invasive strategies, like changing what we eat as kids, to prevent wisdom tooth impaction.”
She’ll also further explore the links between vitamin D and tooth development in mice, using the information gleaned from human skeletal studies in Britain. She hopes to shed light on why differences in tooth size, shape and eruption can occur across time periods, cultures, and even mammalian species.
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