A systematic review and meta-analysis in BMCPsychiatry finds that acupuncture alone or combined with other therapies appears to be effective in improving depression symptoms of stroke survivors. Further studies are needed to provide sufficient evidence.
]. Nonetheless, it needs to be interpreted with caution because there was only one eligible study included which compared AC alone and AC with RTMS in this network meta-analysis. More relevant research is needed to confirm the true function and safety of RTMS for patients with PSD.
In this study, various combined therapies were evaluated, including AC with RTMS, AM with TCM, AC with Tai Chi, AC with TCM with WM, AC with TCM, AC with CT, AC with WM, AM with WM. We first explored the difference in effectiveness for PSD between these therapies using the network meta-analysis approach, which synthesized the direct comparison evidence and indirect comparison evidence.
Moreover, it is noticeable that the treatment duration among included studies was various and ranged from 2 weeks to 8 weeks, which could be signaled as a potential modifier. Therefore, we explored pairwise meta-analyses for all direct comparisons . A total of seventeen pairwise meta-analysis were conducted, including AC vs. WM , AC with WM vs. WM , AC vs. UC , AC with TCM vs. WM , AM with WM vs. WM , AC vs. AC with WM , AC with TCM vs. TCM , AC with TCM with WM vs. WM , AC vs.
One published network meta-analysis by Hang et al. compared the effect of different acupuncture approaches for specific parts in treating patients with PSD []. Twelve acupuncture therapies were included in their study, and they found that scalp acupuncture plus conventional acupuncture was the most effective method based on the ranking probability. For this study, we put more focus on the effectiveness of acupuncture combined with other therapies for PSD.
This is the first review to compare the effectiveness of acupuncture with other therapies for PSD using a network meta-analysis, which may provide novel and useful guidance for clinicians and readers. However, there are still several limitations. Firstly, although we conducted a systematic search for eligible studies, only Chinese studies were eligible and subsequently included.
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Association between chronic pain and risk of incident dementia: findings from a prospective cohort - BMC MedicineBackground Chronic musculoskeletal pain has been linked to dementia; however, chronic pain typically occurs in multiple sites; therefore, this study was to investigate whether greater number of chronic pain sites is associated with a higher risk of dementia and its subtypes. Methods Participants (N = 356,383) in the UK Biobank who were dementia-free at baseline were included. Pain in the hip, knee, back, and neck/shoulder or ‘all over the body’ and its duration were assessed. Participants were categorised into six groups: no chronic pain; chronic pain in 1, 2, 3, and 4 sites, and ‘all over the body’. All-cause dementia and its subtypes were ascertained using hospital inpatient and death registry records. Cox regression was used to investigate the associations between the number of chronic pain sites and the incidence of all-cause dementia and its subtypes. Results Over a median follow-up of 13 years, 4959 participants developed dementia. After adjustment for sociodemographic, lifestyle, comorbidities, pain medications, psychological problems, and sleep factors, greater number of chronic pain sites was associated with an increased risk of incident all-cause dementia (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.08 per 1 site increase, 95% CI 1.05–1.11) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) (HR = 1.09 per 1-site increase, 95% CI 1.04–1.13) in a dose–response manner but not vascular and frontotemporal dementia. No significant association was found between the number of chronic pain sites and the risk of incident all-cause dementia among a subsample that underwent a fluid intelligence test. Conclusions Greater number of chronic pain sites was associated with an increased risk of incident all-cause dementia and AD, suggesting that chronic pain in multiple sites may contribute to individuals’ dementia risk and is an underestimated risk factor for dementia.
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BMC Series blog Inequities in maternal vaccination coverage in Australia: The Links2HealthierBubs study, 2012-2017
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Suicidality and mood: the impact of trends, seasons, day of the week, and time of day on explicit and implicit cognitions among an online community sample - Translational PsychiatryTranslational Psychiatry - Suicidality and mood: the impact of trends, seasons, day of the week, and time of day on explicit and implicit cognitions among an online community sample
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Relationship between mental health and climacteric adjustment in middle aged women: a confirmatory analysis - BMC Women's HealthBackground Climacteric changes in women are associated with an increased probability of psychological symptoms. Identifying the relationship between adjustment to this period and mental health helps to plan for middle-aged women’s health improvement. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the relationship between climacteric adjustment (CA) and mental health in middle aged women. Method This cross-sectional study was conducted on 190 women aged 40 to 53 years. Mental health symptoms (including hypochondriasis, anxiety, depression, and social impairment) and CA were assessed using 28-item general health questionnaire and the CA questionnaire, respectively, as a self-report. Data were analyzed using linear and stepwise regression methods, and the fitting of the resulting conceptual model was assessed using AMOS software. Results The results showed that hypochondriasis score and social impairment, anxiety level and CA in the perfection dimension, and social impairment score and CA in perfection, decline in beauty, and sexual silence dimensions had an inverse relationship. Moreover, the relationship between anxiety score and CA in the reaction to end of menstruation and the relationship between social impairment and decline of femininity were positive and significant. Factor analysis of the conceptual model obtained from the study results demonstrated a good model fit (CMIN /DF = 0.807, P = .671). Conclusion The results showed a relationship between CA and psychological symptoms in middle-aged women. In other words, the level of hypochondriasis, anxiety, and social impairment symptoms decreased with increasing CA in sexual silence, perfection, and decline in beauty.
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Vitamin D deficiency in pregnancy and the risk of preterm birth: a nested case–control study - BMC Pregnancy and ChildbirthBackground Each year, an estimated 15 million babies are born preterm. Micronutrient deficiencies, including vitamin D deficiency (VDD), are common in many low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), and these conditions are often associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. Bangladesh experiences a high prevalence of VDD. The country also has a high preterm birth (PTB) rate. Using data from a population-based pregnancy cohort, we estimated the burden of VDD during pregnancy and its association with PTB. Methods Pregnant women (N = 3,000) were enrolled after ultrasound confirmation of gestational age at 8–19 weeks of gestation. Trained health workers prospectively collected phenotypic and epidemiological data at scheduled home visits. Trained phlebotomists collected maternal blood samples at enrollment and 24 -28 weeks of gestation. Aliquots of serum were stored at -800 C. We conducted a nested case–control study with all PTB (n = 262) and a random sample of term births (n = 668). The outcome, PTB, was defined as live births 30.25 nmol/L). We used logistic regression to determine the association of VDD with PTB, adjusting for potential confounders. Results The median and interquartile range of serum 25(OH)D was 38.0 nmol/L; 30.18 to 48.52 (nmol/L). After adjusting for co-variates, VDD was significantly associated with PTB [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 1.53, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.10 – 2.12]. The risk of PTB was also higher among women who were shorter (aOR = 1.81, 95% CI: 1.27–2.57), primiparous (aOR = 1.55, 95% CI = 1.12 – 2.12), passive smokers (aOR = 1.60, 95% CI = 1.09 – 2.34), and those who received iron supplementation during pregnancy (aOR = 1.66, 95% CI: 1.17, 2.37). Conclusion VDD is common in Bangladeshi pregnant women and is associated with an increased risk of PTB.
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The bidirectional relationship between chronic joint pain and frailty: data from the Investigating Musculoskeletal Health and Wellbeing cohort - BMC GeriatricsBackground Pain and frailty are associated, but this relationship is insufficiently understood. We aimed to test whether there is a unidirectional or bidirectional relationship between joint pain and frailty. Methods Data were from Investigating Musculoskeletal Health and Wellbeing, a UK-based cohort. Average joint pain severity over the previous month was assessed using an 11-point numerical rating scale (NRS). Frailty was classified as present/absent using the FRAIL questionnaire. Multivariable regression assessed the association between joint pain and frailty, adjusted for age, sex, and BMI class. Two-wave cross-lagged path modelling permitted simultaneous exploration of plausible causal pathways between pain intensity and frailty at baseline and 1-year. Transitions were assessed using t-tests. Results One thousand one hundred seventy-nine participants were studied, 53% female, with a median age of 73 (range 60 to 95) years. FRAIL classified 176 (15%) participants as frail at baseline. Mean (SD) baseline pain score was 5.2 (2.5). Pain NRS ≥ 4 was observed in 172 (99%) of frail participants. Pain severity was associated with frailty at baseline (aOR 1.72 (95%CI 1.56 to 1.92)). In cross-lagged path analysis, higher baseline pain predicted 1-year frailty [β = 0.25, (95%CI 0.14 to 0.36), p | 0.001] and baseline frailty predicted higher 1-year pain [β = 0.06, (95%CI 0.003 to 0.11), p = 0.040]. Participants transitioning to frailty over one year had higher mean pain scores (6.4 (95%CI 5.8 to 7.1)) at baseline than those who remained non-frail (4.7 (95%CI 4.5 to 4.8)), p | 0.001. Conclusions The bidirectional relationship between pain and frailty could lead to a vicious cycle in which each accelerates the other’s progression. This justifies attempts to prevent frailty by addressing pain and to include pain measures as an outcome in frailty studies.
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