Johns Hopkins University researchers have discovered that the protein histone H3 in roundworm chromosomes influences cell differentiation and pluripotency, challenging traditional views on heredity and potentially offering insights into cancer-related mutations. Researchers have spotted how speci
Researchers from Johns Hopkins University have discovered how histone H3, a protein in roundworm chromosomes, enables offspring to produce specialized cells generations later, challenging the idea that hereditary information for cell differentiation is mostly contained in DNA. The study, published in, found that histone H3 levels in roundworm embryos controlled the production of specialized cells and pluripotent cells, which can differentiate into various body tissues.
Representative differential interference contrast image micrographs of the CRISPR-tagged histones under study. The dashed lines outline the gonads. Credit: Ryan J. Gleason, Johns Hopkins University A video clip shows cellular changes in the roundworm from a histone H3 variant in red to an H3-rich genome in green. Credit: Ryan J. Gleason, Johns Hopkins Universityroundworm embryos grew, increasing H3 levels in their systems restricted the potential or “plasticity” of their pluripotent cells. When the team changed the worm’s genome to lower the amount of H3, they successfully prolonged the window of time for pluripotency that is normally lost in older embryos.
The new findings come from the gene-editing technique CRISPR, which helped the team track the role the two histones played as the worm’s offspring developed. CRISPR has made it much easier for scientists in the last decade to study the nuts and bolts of changing genetic material and spot what that does to animal, plant, and microbe traits, Gleason said.
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