A single cyclone could knock out Madagascar's entire vanilla crop. The country grows 80% of the world's supply
VANILLA is one of the world’s most popular spices and an important ingredient in products ranging from chocolate to perfume. But it is getting harder to find. Vanilla-rich foods like ice cream have been removed from shelves or become pricier. Chefs are making what they have go further. The wholesale price of vanilla has reached $500-600 per kilo, when just a few years ago it fetched a tenth of that.
Madagascar supplies 80-85% of the world’s natural vanilla. In the 19th century the French introduced Bourbon vanilla, a tropical vine orchid native to Mexico and parts of South America, to their African island colony. Vanilla represents 20% of Madagascan exports, worth around $600m at current prices. But it is a difficult crop to grow. A vine takes three to four years to mature, or two if grown from a large, good-quality cutting.
This rise has not been without its challenges. To prevent theft of their now rather valuable crops, farmers have taken to harvesting the beans early, before they are mature, thereby reducing the overall quality of the crop. The situation should improve by next year, as the larger crop that was planted in response to increased demand comes to market.
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