A fuller picture of the human genome reveals that extensive and repetitive segments of DNA have functions for embryos and evolution.
An updated sequence of the human genome will allow scientists to investigate diversity in mysterious stretches of chromosomes, like the telomeres highlighted here in red.
“We’ve discovered things are a lot more diverse than we could have ever appreciated,” says Rachel O’Neill, a comparative biologist at the University of Connecticut, and coauthor on the sequence. The previous results were “like studying culture and music and language for the planet of Earth, and ignoring all of Africa.”
But over the past two decades, biologists have realized that the information contained in that “junk” is foundational to life as we know it—akin to learning that the shelves of a library are also covered in writing. “One man’s junk is another man’s treasure,” says O’Neill. “I’m on the treasure end.”
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