Josephine Galipon, a researcher with Keio University in Japan, recently visited Alaska to study permafrost — silty soil that has been frozen for thousands of years. What might still be living within plugs of frigid soil?
Josephine Galipon of Keio University in Japan shows a field kit she has invented for studying microorganisms in the field. She used it to study microorganisms collected by her colleague Go Iwahana from the U.S. Army’s Permafrost Tunnel Research Facility in Fox, Alaska, recently.
In October 2022, Galipon visited Alaska to see if she could tease out genetic information from gray cylinders of permafrost — silty soil that has been frozen for at least two years, but in this case thousands. Galipon is not expecting such a bounty of creatures in her few samples, but she was excited to look for viable molecules of RNA — ribonucleic acid — that would tell her what creatures were in the soil at the time cold penetrated down from the grasses above.
“Plants and insects express different genes at different times. The RNA can change up to 100-fold in a few minutes.”
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