How atmospheric rivers bring heavy rain and snow to California
A new storm fed by the first atmospheric river of the season is expected bring rain to Northern and Central California beginning Saturday, and cause significant travel delays and hazards for Thanksgiving travelers returning home on Sunday, the National Weather Service said.
After light rain in the late morning to around noon Saturday, rain will intensify in Northern California, with coastal mountain ranges around Big Sur and Santa Cruz forecast to be the wettest, receiving from 6 to 10 inches of precipitation. A flash flood watch is in effect for the area of the Kincade fire in Sonoma County, and high-wind warnings are in effect for the coasts of Sonoma, Marin, San Mateo and Monterey counties.
Atmospheric rivers are a concentrated stream of water vapor in the middle and lower levels of the atmosphere. They’re like a continuous conga line of moisture streaming across the ocean without interruption until they encounter an obstacle such as the coast ranges in California. These obstacles force the atmospheric river to start shedding its burden of moisture.
When this atmospheric stream, bloated with moisture as it is, meets the coastal mountains, it is forced up and over the higher terrain. This is called orographic lift. The moist air plume cools as it gains altitude, and the moisture condenses, falling as rain.
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