The biology of aging shows ways to lengthen your healthspan, years free of serious disease
Over the past century the average life expectancy in developed countries has increased by 30 years, from roughly age 50 to 80. Vaccines, sanitation, antibiotics, and other advances allow many more people to survive infectious diseases that used to kill them during childhood.
By one calculation, based on the World Health Organization's healthy life expectancy indicator, an American who expects to live to 79 might first face serious disease at 63. That could mean 15 years lived in sickness. Indeed, aging is the biggest risk factor for cancer, heart disease and dementia. During the past 10 years medicine has started to take a different approach based on the biology of aging . “We're now saying our focus should be on extending healthy life rather than just length of life, and slowing aging is the tool to do it,” says Jay Olshansky, a longevity expert at the University of Illinois at Chicago. There are molecular and cellular processes in all our tissues and organs that determine both life span and healthspan.
How do you assess biological age? Molecular markers such as chemical modifications to DNA are one way, says computational biologist Morgan Levine of Altos Labs in San Diego. “Do your cells have a pattern of chemical tags like someone who is 20 or 30 or 40?” she asks.
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