Vlasiator, a supercomputer model for simulating near-Earth space, has revealed that plasma eruptions in near-Earth space are influenced by both magnetic reconnection and kinetic instabilities. While theories have long debated the cause, Vlasiator's 6D modeling showcased that both theories coexist an
Plasma eruptions in near-Earth space. The University of Helsinki’s Vlasiator model demonstrated that both magnetic reconnection and kinetic instabilities are responsible for plasma eruptions in near-Earth space, providing vital insights for space research and technology. Credit: Jani Närhieruptions in near-Earth space are influenced by both magnetic reconnection and kinetic instabilities.
Plasmoids, or rapid plasma eruptions, occur on the nightside of the magnetosphere. Plasmoids are also associated with the sudden brightening of the aurora. Using the Vlasiator model, the space physics research group at the University of Helsinki investigates and simulates these difficult-to-predict eruptions in near-Earth space.
Palmroth, who was recently awarded the Copernicus Medal, is also the director of the Centre of Excellence in Research of Sustainable Space, and the principal investigator for the Vlasiator simulation. Two competing lines of thinking have been proposed to explain the course of events, the first asserting that magnetic reconnection severs a part of the magnetotail into a plasmoid. According to the other explanation, kinetic instabilities disrupt the current sheet maintaining the tail, which eventually results in the ejection of a plasmoid. Arguments about the primacy of these two phenomena have been ongoing for decades.
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