Viral whole genome study in the United States identifies ORF-disrupting mutations in monkeypox virus MDPIOpenAccess UWMedicine US Monkeypox MonkeypoxVirus Mutations
By Dr. Chinta SidharthanNov 7 2022Reviewed by Aimee Molineux In a recent study published in Viruses, researchers used whole genome sequencing to evaluate monkeypox virus samples from Washington and Ohio in the United States and identified 25 samples with open reading frame -disrupting mutations.
About the study The present study extracted the DNA from lesion swab samples and performed whole genome sequencing to identify mutations. A reference strain sequence was used to map genomic positions. Deletions were confirmed using polymerase chain reaction with primers designed to flank the regions containing the deletions.
Ten samples, which included samples from Washington and Ohio, had identical nonsense mutations in the MPXVgp004/MPXVgp188 ORFs found in the 5’ and 3’ inverted terminal repeats. Three samples also revealed nonsense mutations in an ORF encoding a host immune response attenuating protein. One nonsense mutation in the gene encoding the protein thymidylate kinase resulted in a non-functional protein.
Two other large deletions of 4205 bp and 6881 bp were found in Ohio and Washington samples, respectively. The 4205 bp deletion removed the MPXVgp011 ORF start codon and the MPXVgp012, MPXVgp013, and MPXVgp014 regions, which encode type I interferon antagonistic proteins. The deletion also created a novel C-terminus residue in the MPXVgp015 gene. The 6881 bp deletion eliminated the MPXVgp184 to MPXVgp188 regions and a 3’ region of the MPXVgp182/B21R gene resulting in a truncated ORF.
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