Vaccine against deadly chytridfungus primes frog microbiome for future exposure penn_state
and severe population declines in hundreds of others across several continents. In susceptible species, the fungus causes a sometimes-lethal skin disease.in recent history, and there is a critical need to develop tools to control its spread," said Becker, who is also a member of the One Health Microbiome Center and the Center for Infectious Disease Dynamics at Penn State.
"Increasing the concentration and duration of exposure to the chytrid product prophylaxis significantly shifted the composition of the microbiome so that there was a higher proportion of bacteria producing anti-chytrid substances," said Samantha Siomko, a master's student in the Becker Lab at the University of Alabama at the time of the research and first author of the paper.
"These frogs have hundreds of bacteria species on their skin that they pick up from their environment, and the composition changes regularly, including with season," said Becker."Attempting to manipulate the community, for example by adding a bacterial probiotic, is challenging, because the dynamics in the community are so complex and unpredictable.
The researchers suggest that this adaptive shift in the microbiome composition, which they call the"microbiome memory," could play an important role in vaccine efficacy. In addition to understanding the mechanisms behind the shift, the research team hopes to study the idea of microbiome memory in adult frogs as well as other vertebrate species in the future.
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