New research provides a fresh glimpse of APOE, scores of new molecular players in the central nervous system. Researchers have developed a technique to identify key fat-filled particles known as lipoproteins within the central nervous system, opening a new view into the workings of the brain. Th
. Melchior is a leader in lipoprotein research—and a carrier of two copies of the APOE4 gene, adding a personal incentive to his work to understand the protein’s action in the nervous system.
However, lipoproteins in the nervous system are much scanter, present at less than 1 percent of the concentration in blood. Their actions, even their presence, in the nervous system have been a mystery. Scientists know that these balls of fat and protein wrapped together to travel in the bloodstream and carry out all sorts of important functions, like shuttling cholesterol and nutrients.
Scientists suspect APOE4 of playing a role in other neurologic conditions such as Parkinson’s and Huntington’s diseases, multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and even traumatic brain injury.
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