President Volodymyr Zelenskyy and former heavyweight champion boxer Wladimir Klitschko have described civilian deaths in Bucha as 'genocide of the Ukrainian people'.
Rules on international warfare were agreed after the Second World War as part of the 1949 Geneva Conventions, which were signed by all members of the UN - including Russia.The UN definition of a war crime is a serious breach of international humanitarian law committed against civilians or"enemy combatants" during an armed conflict.
"The deliberate targeting of civilians is a war crime, in and of itself, every day of the week," he said. Genocide is the most serious and requires proof of a"concerted effort to wipe out a national group", such as those against Jews in Nazi Germany and the Tutsi minority in Rwanda.There are then grave breaches of the Geneva Conventions, which include any attacks on civilians or civilian targets.In 2017 a fourth category of war crime - aggression - was agreed by the ICC to make the prosecution of political leaders themselves easier.
"It's not going to be easy to put anyone at the top level on trial… but it may be easier at the bottom level".He added:"This is not going to happen soon. Unfortunately it's going to be a long time in the future." Instead Moscow's first deputy envoy to the UN, Dmitry Polansky, described what happened in Bucha as a"blatant provocation by Ukrainian radicals".Professor Clarke said Russia"always deny everything"."They go through three phases," he told Sky News.
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