The feathers, fur, and scales that adorn different members of the animal kingdom may look quite different, but they're all made of the same basic stuff.
And, as it turns out, it only takes a relatively simple genetic tweak to produce one instead of the other., geneticists Michel Milinkovitch and Rory Cooper of the University of Geneva in Switzerland altered embryonic chickens to grow feathers instead of scales on their usually squamous feet.
Previously, Milinkovitch's lab has demonstrated that the various keratinized skin appendages have the same evolutionary origin in the ancestral reptilian hundreds of millions of years ago that later diversified into the incredible variety of animals living in the world today. For instance, Shh is an important factor in feather form and diversification, flight feather positioning in birds, and the development of hair follicles in mice.
It worked. When the chickens hatched, their normally bald feet were covered in downy juvenile feathers, similar to those covering their bodies. And, as the chickens grew, so too did the feathers.
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