The changes to the United States Munitions List, governing which weapons are subject to the State Department's scrutiny, are a long time coming.
It was an effort that began under the Obama administration with the goal of moving non-military-style weapons from the purview of the State Department to the Commerce Department, whose policy objectives include the competitiveness of domestic industries.
The Trump administration posted a preliminary document outlining the changes, which primarily concern semi-automatic firearms and their accessories, on Friday. Once the Federal Register formally publishes the new regulations on Thursday, the rules will become effective 45 days later. However, concerns remain about the Commerce Department's ability to police export chains in the same fashion as the State Department, necessary to ensure that weapons don't become trafficked. Moreover, critics have argued that the Commerce Department's mandate to protect domestic manufacturing will mark a significant departure from oversight at the State Department, which is charged with meeting foreign policy objectives.
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