The host cell membrane binding surfaces of SARS-CoV-2 spike variants UAlberta SARSCoV2 COVID19 coronavirus covid spike variants
By Tarun Sai LomteJul 6 2022Reviewed by Danielle Ellis, B.Sc. In a recent study posted to iScience, researchers identified severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 spike surfaces involved in binding to host cell membranes.
The function of NTD is unknown, while the RBD mediates viral attachment with angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 on host cells through receptor-binding motif . Membrane-binding sites in proteins could be predicted using programs like Ez-3D, membrane optimal docking area , and position of proteins in membranes . Previously, the current study’s authors identified membrane recognition sites in viral and bacterial trafficking proteins.
Related StoriesConsistently, the membrane-binding surface of all S structures was formed by RBM, comprising more than 83% of the membrane-binding propensity of S proteins of SARS-CoV-2. Although the closed S trimer cannot interact with ACE2, it contains three roughly symmetric 445KVGG447 elements that interact with the membrane.
MODA analysis of the trimeric S structures revealed the following five stages of membrane association – 1) The closed S trimer protrudes the three RBMs towards the cell membrane perpendicularly, with the convex docking surface penetrating partly into the lipid bilayer. 2) One RBD switches to ‘up conformation,’ causing the RBMs to form a large surface that could dock obliquely.
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