The black hole forms part of a triple star system known as HR 6819, which can be seen without binoculars or telescopes from the southern hemisphere on a dark, clear night.
The previous record holder is a black hole candidate known as V616 Mon that could be as near as 1,200 light-years away, although most astronomers consider a figure of 3,000 light-years to be more realistic.
Stellar-mass black holes, those with masses tens of times that of the sun, form after massive stars die as supernova explosions and collapse into themselves under the influence of gravity. Other black holes meanwhile, can form when incredibly dense star remnants, called neutron stars, collide. Similarly the merger of two black holes, or one neutron star and a black hole, can also generate a new, larger black hole.
Black holes cannot be observed directly with telescopes that detect X-rays, light, or other forms of electromagnetic radiation. However, scientists can infer their presence by looking for their effects on the matter that surrounds them. Any matter in the immediate vicinity of a black hole will gradually be drawn inwards in a process known as accretion, creating an"accretion disk" of orbiting material.
"We found that there was a third object whirling around one of the two luminous stars that weighs in at five suns or more," Baade said."That fairly massive star's velocity changes with a period of 40 days. However, in spite of the strong gravitational pull exerted on this star, the third object does not emit any appreciable amount of light. Therefore, it can only be a black hole.
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