Team lays groundwork for future ultra-precise timing links to geosynchronous satellites NIST nature
The results, obtained by a team including scientists from the National Institute of Standards and Technology , could enable time transfer from the ground to satellites 36,000 kilometers away in, where they hang stationary above a point on the Earth's surface. The method would permit this time synchronization with femtosecond precision—10,000 times better than the existing state-of-the-art satellite approaches.
Coordinating arrays of distant devices to this substantially higher degree offers several intriguing possibilities. While the latest optical atomic clocks are extraordinarily precise, comparing clocks that are separated by continents requires a signaling method that can convey that precision across great distances, and the current microwave-based methods do not provide the necessary fidelity.
The new approach could allow optical clocks on opposite sides of the planet to be linked through a geosynchronous satellite without any such penalty, supporting the future redefinition of the SI second to an optical standard. Linking optical atomic clocks around the globe could also lead to a range of fundamental physics measurements from exploring dark matter to testing general relativity.
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