For centuries, we have known that tuberculosis is a social disease. It thrives on poverty and social factors such as malnutrition, poor housing, overcrowding, unsafe work environments and stigma.
, where researchers found poor levels of nutrition in patients admitted to a specialized TB hospital.
Malnutrition refers to all forms of deficiencies in nutrition, including over-nutrition and obesity. Undernutrition refers more specifically to a deficiency of nutrients. While we know that many patients with TB have poor nutrition, the latest evidence is that undernutrition also plays a key role in TB within households.of the Reducing Activation of Tuberculosis by Improvement of Nutritional Status trial show that improved nutrition in family members of patients with lung TB reduced all forms of TB by nearly 40%, and infectious TB by nearly 50%.All TB patients received a monthly 10kg food basket and multivitamins for six months.
In one group family members received 5kg rice and 1.5kg pulses per person per month, while the other group of family members did not get food baskets.Nutrition could also protect against other conditions such as anemia, diarrhea and respiratory infections, but these were not not the main focus of the trial., based on the results of the RATIONS trial, showed that severe undernutrition was present in nearly half of all patients.
An early weight gain in the first two months was associated with 60% lower risk of TB mortality. The other benefits were higher treatment success and better weight gain. During the six-month follow-up period, a remarkable treatment success rate of 94% was achieved.How expensive was the intervention? The cost of a food basket was US$13 per TB patient per month and US$4 per household member per month and could be delivered, even in rural areas, using field staff.
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