Scientists find that microRNA affects inflammation in lupus disease. NagoyaUniv_info
]. Taken together, this study sheds light on complex aspects of miRNA cotargeting and miRNA target site conservation.In this study, we report the pathogenic impacts of “seed overlap” miRNA cotargeting in SLE.
Kidney tissues were fixed in formalin, embedded in paraffin, cut into 4 μm sections, and stained with Periodic acid-Schiff reagent. For immunofluorescence, the sections of kidney tissues were embedded in OCT compound, frozen, cut into 4 μm sections, and stained with anti-IgG , anti-IgM , and anti-C3 antibodies. For transmission electron microscopy, kidney tissues were double-fixed in 2.5% glutaraldehyde and 2% osmium tetroxide. The tissues were embedded in Epon 812.
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Circulating exosomal microRNAs as potential prognostic biomarkers in gastrointestinal cancers: a systematic review and meta-analysis - Cancer Cell InternationalBackground Recent reports suggested that circulating exosomal microRNAs (exomiRs) may serve as non-invasive prediction biomarkers in gastrointestinal (GI) cancers, yet their clinicopathological and prognostic values need to be more clarified. Hence, the present meta-analysis was aimed to quantitatively assess the evidence regarding the association between circulating exomiRs and prognosis in GI cancer patients. Methods A comprehensive search was carried out in prominent literature databases, including PubMed, ISI Web of Science, Scopus, and Embase. Odds ratios (ORs) or hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were gathered to evaluate the strength of the association. The quality assessment was investigated through the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) and publication bias via Eggers’ test and funnel plots. Results A total of 47 studies, comprising of 4881 patients, were considered eligible for this meta-analysis. Both up-regulated and down-regulated circulating exomiRs are significantly associated with differentiation (HR = 1.353, P = 0.015; HR = 1.504, P = 0.016), TNM stage (HR = 2.058, P | 0.001; HR = 2.745, P | 0.001), lymph node metastasis (HR = 1.527, P = 0.004; HR = 2.009, P = 0.002), distant metastasis (HR = 2.006, P | 0.001; HR = 2.799, P = 0.002), worse overall survival (OS) (HR = 2.053, P | 0.001; HR = 1.789, P = 0.001) and poorer disease/relapse/progression-free survival (DFS/RFS/PFS) (HR = 2.086, P | 0.001; HR = 1.607, P = 0.001) in GI cancer patients, respectively. In addition, subgroup analyses based on seven subcategories indicated the robustness of the association. The majority of findings were lack of publication bias except for the association between up-regulated exomiRs and OS or DFS/RFS/PFS and for the down-regulated exomiRs and TNM stage. Conclusion This study supports that up- and down-regulated circulating exomiRs are associated with poorer survival outcomes and could be served as potential prognostic biomarkers in GI cancers. Given
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Revealed: How the North/South divide affects the UK economyThe report found the UK as a whole also ranked very low in terms of investment, resulting in 'vast inequalities' and 'systematic underinvestment' in research and development, social infrastructure and transport.
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North of England sees lowest investment of advanced economies, think tank findsThe report found the UK as a whole also ranked very low in terms of investment, resulting in 'vast inequalities' and 'systematic underinvestment' in research and development, social infrastructure and transport.
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Lentiviral in situ targeting of stem cells in unperturbed intestinal epithelium - BMC BiologyBackground Methods for the long-term in situ transduction of the unperturbed murine intestinal epithelium have not been developed in past research. Such a method could speed up functional studies and screens to identify genetic factors influencing intestinal epithelium biology. Here, we developed an efficient method achieving this long-sought goal. Results We used ultrasound-guided microinjections to transduce the embryonic endoderm at day 8 (E8.0) in utero. The injection procedure can be completed in 20 min and had a 100% survival rate. By injecting a small volume (0.1–0.2 μl) of concentrated virus, single shRNA constructs as well as lentiviral libraries can successfully be transduced. The new method stably and reproducibly targets adult intestinal epithelium, as well as other endoderm-derived organs such as the lungs, pancreas, liver, stomach, and bladder. Postnatal analysis of young adult mice indicates that single transduced cells at E8.0 gave rise to crypt fields that were comprised of 20–30 neighbouring crypts per crypt-field at 90 days after birth. Lentiviral targeting of ApcMin/+ mutant and wildtype mice revealed that heterozygous loss of Apc function suppresses the developmental normal growth pattern of intestinal crypt fields. This suppression of crypt field sizes did not involve a reduction of the crypt number per field, indicating that heterozygous Apc loss impaired the growth of individual crypts within the fields. Lentiviral-mediated shRNA knockdown of p53 led to an approximately 20% increase of individual crypts per field in both Apc+/+ and ApcMin/+ mice, associating with an increase in crypt size in ApcMin/+ mice but a slight reduction in crypt size in Apc+/+ mice. Overall, p53 knockdown rescued the reduction in crypt field size in Apc-mutant mice but had no effect on crypt field size in wildtype mice. Conclusions This study develops a novel technique enabling robust and reproducible in vivo targeting of intestinal stem cells in situ in the unperturb
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Damning report lays bare lack of investment in North of EnglandThink-tank says region of 15 million people held back by 'vast inequalities' and 'systematic underinvestment'
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