Counter to the conventional wisdom, suppression of distressing thoughts could be an invaluable addition in treating depression, anxiety and trauma
Zulkayda Mamat is no stranger to traumatic memories. Ethnically Uighur, Mamat left China at age 12 after an uprising in the region of East Turkestan, where most of Mamat’s extended family still lives. More than one million Uighurs have been arbitrarily detained in “political education” camps and prisons. “I know people in camps.
The work also calls into question whether people with mental health disorders have an inherent inability to suppress intrusive thoughts. “It’s probably not a deficit,” Mamat says. The vast majority of people in the study, she says, “were surprised to see that this was something they could learn.” The idea has been influential in clinical psychology. Anderson and his colleagues, however, have generated data spanning two decades that suggest that pushing away negative memories causes those memories to fade and become less distressing. His experiments are meant to mimic a real-world scenario in which people encounter reminders of worrying thoughts and then need to decide whether to stem those thoughts or dwell on them.
Before the training, Mamat asked each person to generate thoughts on which to base a set of cue words: 20 specific worries and fears that repeatedly intruded on their thoughts, 36 neutral events and 20 wishes for the future. As part of the study, the researchers took assessments of the participants’ anxiety, depression, worry and well-being.
More notably, suppressing fears improved people’s mental health and did so much more than suppressing neutral scenarios. Worry, depression and anxiety were all significantly reduced, and well-being increased. “What the training seems to be doing is giving people a way to stop from going into this vortex of worry when a negative thought comes up,” Ranganath says.
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