The rapid outbreak of mpox (formerly known as monkeypox) in 2022 likely resulted from high levels of sexual mixing among some gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men (GBMSM), with the initial downturn in cases probably due to a reduction in sexual contacts among these men, according to new research led by the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Health Protection Research Unit (HPRU) in Behavioral Science and Evaluation. The HPRU is a partnership between the University of Bristol and the UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA).
11 September, also found that the scale-up in vaccination did not contribute much to the initial downturn in cases, although the very small number of cases in 2023 is likely due to sufficiently high vaccination coverage to prevent a widespread resurgence in cases.spread among GBMSM, with the World Health Organization declaring the outbreak a Public Health Emergency of International Concern on 23 July 2022.
The authors used anonymous data from more than 3,000 mpox cases in England between 1 May and 16 November 2022. Using multiplefrom these cases as well as data on the number of vaccinations provided the authors carried out a number of detailed analyses of the English outbreak. Peter Vickerman, Professor of Infectious Disease Modeling from the Bristol Medical School's Population Health Sciences and NIHR Health Protection Research Unit , and the paper's corresponding author, said,"Reductions in sexual risk behavior among GBMSM at high risk of mpox, together with prompt diagnosis and isolation of people with mpox, can reduce the spread of an mpox outbreak to low levels.
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