I'm a freelance geologist working mostly in the Eastern Alps. I graduated in 2007 with a project studying how permafrost, that´s frozen soil, is reacting to the more visible recent changes of the alpine environment.
Since ancient times people working in the fields occasionally stumbled over strange-looking objects made from stone. With an overall teardrop shape and pointy end, their true nature remained a mystery.
Art historians have always referred to the object as a"jagged stone" or a"large, sharp stone," explaining it as an allegorical representation of death by stoning of Saint Stephen as a Christian martyr.But no one had ever identified it as something human made. However, Steven Kangas, a senior lecturer in the Department of Art History at Dartmouth and study co-author, had a hunch that it wasn't just a rock.
In 2021, Kangas attended an anthropological seminar at Dartmouth, meeting Charles Musiba, a professor of anthropology at the University of Colorado-Denver and expert on human origins in Tanzania and South Africa, and Jeremy DeSilva, a professor and chair of the Department of Anthropology at Dartmouth. They both agreed that the object's features shown in the painting likely are not random or made-up by the artist.
The color-variation on the object's surface ranging from yellow, brown to red is also consistent with weathering of artifacts made from flint or other silica-rich rocks. The authors also counted 33"scars" on the surface of the painted stone object, left behind by flakes knocked off by the unknown stone-age toolmaker.
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