A paper published in MicrobiomeJ suggests that differences in human gut microbial structures affect the gut microbiota’s ability to extract energy from food. These findings may support improved nutrition and weight-loss strategies. Read the paper here:
, n=34. Principal coordinate analysis plot using Bray-Curtis distance of bacterial relative abundance on the genus level as distance metric. Symbols are samples, with shape / colour indicating assigned enterotype . All genera with an average relative abundance of 0.1% or more were plotted as supplementary variables . OTUs that could not be assigned up to the genus level were assigned to a dummy “genus” labelled with the most specific classification available for that OTUs.
To evaluate the robustness of the observed differences between enterotypes, individuals for whom the assignment to an enterotype was ambiguous plot or in between more densely populated regions) were excluded . The PCoA plot was generated using Bray-Curtis distance of bacterial relative abundance on the genus level as distance metric. Symbols are samples, with shape / colour indicating assigned enterotype , n=21; yellow diamonds:, n=21; grey dots: unclassified, n=28).
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The fecal bacterial microbiome of the Kuhl’s pipistrelle bat (Pipistrellus kuhlii) reflects landscape anthropogenic pressure - Animal MicrobiomeBackground Anthropogenic disturbance has the potential to negatively affect wildlife health by altering food availability and diet composition, increasing the exposure to agrochemicals, and intensifying the contact with humans, domestic animals, and their pathogens. However, the impact of these factors on the fecal microbiome composition of wildlife hosts and its link to host health modulation remains barely explored. Here we investigated the composition of the fecal bacterial microbiome of the insectivorous bat Kuhl’s pipistrelle (Pipistrellus kuhlii) dwelling in four environmental contexts with different levels of anthropogenic pressure. We analyzed their microbiome composition, structure and diversity through full-length 16S rRNA metabarcoding using the nanopore long-read sequencer MinION™. We hypothesized that the bacterial community structure of fecal samples would vary across the different scenarios, showing a decreased diversity and richness in samples from disturbed ecosystems. Results The fecal microbiomes of 31 bats from 4 scenarios were sequenced. A total of 4,829,302 reads were obtained with a taxonomic assignment percentage of 99.9% at genus level. Most abundant genera across all scenarios were Enterococcus, Escherichia/Shigella, Bacillus and Enterobacter. Alpha diversity varied significantly between the four scenarios (p | 0.05), showing the lowest Shannon index in bats from urban and intensive agriculture landscapes, while the highest alpha diversity value was found in near pristine landscapes. Beta diversity obtained by Bray–Curtis distance showed weak statistical differentiation of bacterial taxonomic profiles among scenarios. Furthermore, core community analysis showed that 1,293 genera were shared among localities. Differential abundance analyses showed that the highest differentially abundant taxa were found in near pristine landscapes, with the exception of the family Alcaligenaceae, which was also overrepresented in urban and intensive agricult
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