America's National Lung Screening Trial found that the smokers scanned for lung cancer over 4 years led to a 7% fall in mortality
with something as trivial as a small cough that will not go away. But often lung cancers cause no symptoms at all until it is too late. Ask Graham Thomas, who in 2014 found that hiding behind his pneumonia was a lung cancer at stage IV of its development. Stage IV is medical jargon for a tumour which has spread to other parts of the body. There is no stage V.
Prostate-cancer screening is similarly plagued. The current test often raises concern over a possible cancer which turns out not to be there . Finding that out, however, involves tests such as biopsies which are invasive, painful and may cause infection. If a group of men aged 55 to 69 is screened regularly for more than a decade, 12% will experience such a false positive and may therefore undergo an unnecessary biopsy.
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