Large-Scale Fossil Study Reveals Origins of Modern-Day Biodiversity Gradient 15 Million Years Ago Today, species richness peaks in equatorial regions but until now there has been no clear explanation for this. By analyzing fossil records, researchers found that a key driver of the modern bio
Depictions of present-day planktonic foraminifera floating in the deep sea. Credit: Richard Bizley, BizleyArtToday,richness peaks in equatorial regions but until now there has been no clear explanation for this.
It has long been known that in both marine and terrestrial systems species show a “latitudinal diversity gradient,” with biodiversity peaking at the equator. But until now, limited fossil data has prevented researchers from thoroughly investigating how this diversity gradient first arose. There was a strong positive relationship between species richness and sea surface temperatures – both when modeled over time at specific locations, or at different locations at a specific time.
A scanning electron microscope image of the shell of the planktonic foraminifera species Globigerinella adamsi. This specimen was collected from sea floor sediments in the Southwest Indian Ocean aboard the GLOW Cruise. Credit: Tracy Aze, University of Leeds
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