These tiny organoids with working immune systems mimic the function of the GI tract and could be used to study intestinal diseases and drugs to treat them.
After 20 weeks, the organoids had each grown to the size of a pea and contained around 20 types of human immune cells. “That is very similar to the populations we see in the human gut,” says Helmrath. At that point, the organoids had also formed human lymphoid follicles, or Peyer’s patches, important structures in the intestine that keep pathogens at bay by maintaining levels of healthy bacteria.
Matthew Grisham, a gastroenterologist at Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center who wasn’t involved in the new study, says the findings are exciting because these structures have a “human immune cell composition very similar to that of the developing human gut.” He says the organoid model will help researchers investigate the mechanisms responsible for intestinal infection, inflammation, and food allergies.
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