Scientists explore COVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis biorxivpreprint UF SARSCoV2 COVID19 Research
By Tarun Sai LomteJul 25 2022Reviewed by Aimee Molineux In a recent study posted to the bioRxiv* preprint server, researchers computationally investigated the causes of coronavirus disease 2019 -associated pulmonary aspergillosis .
About the study In the present study, researchers hypothesized and tested that in severely-affected COVID-19 patients, lung epithelium destruction facilitates colonization by opportunistic pathogens, and that the exhaustion of the immune system hampers the ability to kill the fungus. They used a computational model to test the hypothesis and identify the parameters/conditions explaining CAPA.
The study focused on five parameters: 1) intrinsic hyphal growth rate, probability of 2) neutrophils and 3) monocytes to kill hyphae, the number of 4) monocytes, and 5) neutrophils. The simulation analysis began with these minor changes. A regular grid of 10 x 10 x 10 voxels was initially used with 640 type II pneumocytes and 20 germinated conidia. The number of neutrophils and monocytes was variable .
Findings The distribution of the observed growth rate showed a prominent negative peak, indicating fungal infection resolution, and a smaller peak with a tailed positive observed growth rate. Therefore, patients were clustered into two groups, one where patients cleared the infection and the other where the infection was not resolved.
Next, the authors analyzed the variations in the CAPA probability by varying the two-most influential parameters . The plot illustrated that CAPA probability increased with a higher intrinsic growth rate or lower killing rate of neutrophils. The correlation between the observed growth rate and killing rate of neutrophils was negative, whereas the correlation between the observed growth rate and other parameters was insignificant.
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