Review of COVID-19 in children before and after SARS-CoV-2 Delta and Omicron variant emergence BioMedCentral SARSCoV2 COVID19 Coronavirus Delta Omicron Variant Children Pandemic
By Pooja Toshniwal PahariaSep 12 2022Reviewed by Aimee Molineux In a recent review published in the Virology Journal, researchers summarized severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infections among children pre-and post the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 Delta and Omicron variants of concern .
Data were searched on Google Scholar, PubMed, and Science Direct between January 2020 and July 2022 to review the global impact of SARS-CoV-2 infections on immunocompetent and immunosuppressed children. Only original research studies on pediatric COVID-19 cases published in English were considered for the review.
China CDC reported on 11 February 2020, that <1% and one percent of COVID-19 cases were observed among 10-year-olds and 10- to 19-year-olds, respectively. CDC reported 1.7% SARS-CoV-2 prevalence in the US among children between 12 February and 2 April 2020, which increased to 7.3% between March and July 2020. Between 5 March and 8 April 2020, 1.0% of SARS-CoV-2 cases were reported to occur among children aged below 17 years by the Chicago public health department.
Clinical manifestations, outcomes and complications Before Delta and Omicron’s emergence, up to May 2021, SARS-CoV-2 infections among children were less severe compared to adults and most of them were asymptomatic. In symptomatic cases, mild fever, dry cough and headache were the most common symptoms. Further, symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, constipation, diarrhea, and abdominal pain were more frequent among children than adults.
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