Below-cloud evaporation is the evaporation of raindrops under unsaturated water vapor pressure and from cloud base to the ground during precipitation, leading to variability in the ratio of stable isotopes in rainfall. It can affect local small-scale rainfall events. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the evolution mechanism of stable isotopes in arid and semi-arid areas under below-cloud evaporation.
on Aug. 4.
The researchers found that stable isotopes in precipitation of the Qilian Mountains are enriched by sub-cloud evaporation. Evaporation rates on the northern slopes were significantly higher than that on the southern slopes, mainly due to differences in temperature, precipitation and elevation between the two slopes.
The team assessed stable isotopic variations in precipitation during the below-cloud evaporation from the cloud base to the ground in the Qilian Mountains. Results indicated that the monthlyenrichment rates of stable oxygen isotopes in the Qilian Mountains from May to October were 29.18%, 23.35%, 25.60%, 22.99%, 31.64%, and 14.72%, respectively.
For the summer half year, the mean below-cloud evaporation rate was 12.00%, and changes of oxygen isotope concentration from cloud base to the ground increased by 0.92 ‰ for every 1.00% increase of raindrop evaporation rate in the Qilian Mountains. When the evaporation rate was less than 5.00%, the changes in the oxygen isotope concentration from the cloud base to the ground also increased by 1.00 ‰ for every 1.
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