Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health researchers have successfully created chimeric embryos containing a combination of human and pig cells. When transferred into surrogate pig mothers, the developing humanized kidneys had normal structure and tubule formation after 28 days.
"We have been working on mechanisms to overcome the extremely low efficiency in interspecies chimera," says senior author Guangjin Pan of the Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health."We identified a couple of critical factors that enhance the formation of interspecies chimera by facilitating cell competition.
Close up of humanized kidney cells inside the embryo compared to a 'wildtype' pig embryo. Credit: Wang, Xie, Li, Li, and Zhang et al.The researchers collected five chimeric embryos for analysis and found that they had structurally normal kidneys for their stage of development and were composed of 50–60% human cells.
"We found that if you create a niche in the pig embryo, then the human cells naturally go into these spaces," says senior author Zhen Dai of Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health. The long-term goal is to optimize this technology for human organ transplantation, but the researchers acknowledge the work will be complex and could take many years. Growing a fully functional humanized organ in a pig would require some additional steps because organs are composed of multiple types of cells and tissues.
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