This virologist explains that repurposing drugs is key to fighting the coronavirus pandemic ForbesFrontlines
to describe the finding that the number of new drugs approved by the US Food and Drug Administration per billion dollars spent on drug research and development was halved every nine years from 1950 onwards. By contrast, from an infectious diseases standpoint,
will result in more than 10 million deaths worldwide and cost more than $100 trillion USD by 2050. This does not account for outbreaks of emerging or re-emerging infectious diseases.that COVID-19 could repress global annual growth in 2020 to below 2.5% and an estimated $2 trillion in global income. The massive global human health and economic tolls of emerging infectious diseases preclude our ability to rely solely on new drugs to combat disease.
This is where repurposing existing drugs comes in. This strategy helps reduce the time lag and total cost of finding treatments for disease. Licensed drugs also offer the advantage of having been assessed for safety in pre-clinical trials. Both of these factors reduce costs: it is estimated that moving a repurposed drug to market is aroundSudeep Pushpakom and colleagues
recently reviewed drug repurposing and highlighted multiple successes from this approach. Famously, Sildenafil, originally developed as an antihypertensive drug, was repurposed as Viagra by Pfizer for the treatment of erectile dysfunction. Similarly, the hair loss treatment drug Minoxidil was also originally indicated for treatment of hypertension.
Nonetheless, the use of drug repurposing for combating emerging infectious diseases is still in its relative infancy. While there has been an array of testing, we have seen relatively few successes thus far for infectious disease applications and these have primarily been for parasitic and protozoal diseases. For example, Doxycycline, a tetracycline antibiotic, has found alternative life as an
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