Prenatal COVID boosts protective power of breast milk BreastMilk ExtracellularVesicles SARSCoV MaternalHealth InfantDevelopment COVID MultiOmics MetabolicReprogramming MucosalTissue ImmuneModulation PostCOVID biorxivpreprint
By Dr. Priyom Bose, Ph.D.Jun 6 2023Reviewed by Benedette Cuffari, M.Sc. Human milk-derived extracellular vesicles are essential components in breast milk that play a significant role in infant health and development. Maternal health could impact the HMEV load; however, the effects of infection with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection remain unclear.
Background Human milk provides important nutrients that support infant growth and protect the vulnerable infant against various diseases, including respiratory infections. Bioactive components, including cytokines, adipokines, hormones, lipids, immunoglobulins, growth factors, cells, and extracellular vesicles are present in human milk and deliver positive health outcomes to children.
About the study Milk samples were retrieved from the IMPRINT birth cohort, with nine prenatal SARS-CoV-2 and nine controls included. After casein micelle disaggregation and defatting, one milliliter of milk was subjected to a sequential process of centrifugation, ultrafiltration, and qEV-size exclusion chromatography .
In the early phase of the SC-UF-qEV method, sodium citrate was added to disrupt casein micelles. The International Society for Extracellular Vesicles guidelines were followed to validate the presence of HMEVs. Maternal demographic data and HMEV parameters, such as particle number, RNA content, and protein, were not statistically different between the two study groups. The prenatal COVID-19 group tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 about three months before delivery.
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