WASHINGTON (AP) — From his eyes to his immune system, astronaut Scott Kelly's body sometimes reacted strangely to nearly a year in orbit, at least compared to his Earth-bound identical twin — but newly published research shows nothing that would cancel even longer space treks, like to Mars.
The good news: Kelly largely bounced back after returning home, say scientists who released final results from NASA's"twins study," a never-before opportunity to track the biological consequences of spaceflight in genetic doubles.
The findings were published in Friday's edition of the journal Science, on some notable space anniversaries — when Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin became the first person in space in 1961, and the first launch of the space shuttle in 1981.NASA already knew some of the toll of space travel, such as bone loss that requires exercise to counter.
Next, Kelly's DNA wasn't mutated in space but the activity of many of his genes — how they switch on and off — did change, especially in the last half of the voyage, which ended in March 2016. "We learned that the human body is pretty resilient and we can survive and to some extent maybe even thrive on these long-duration flights," Mark Kelly said.—Some changes in the structure of Kelly's eye and thickening of his retina suggested that, like about 40% of astronauts, he experienced symptoms of"spaceflight-associated neuro-ocular syndrome." It may be caused by fluids shifting in the absence of gravity.—A flu shot given in space worked as well as one on Earth.
"But it's great we saw and we learned that the human body is pretty resilient and we can survive and to some extent maybe even thrive on these long-duration flights," he added.
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