Polar sea ice formation is influenced by more than just the cold temperatures in the winter months. According to recent research from the University of Gothenburg and other institutions, salinity is even more important. Their research shows that the lower salinity of surface water in the polar regio
The formation of sea ice is an important part of the Earth’s climate system, as it reflects sunlight back into the atmosphere and helps to regulate the Earth’s temperature.
Polar sea ice typically forms in the winter months due to the cold temperatures. However, the sinking of colder, denser water should bring warmer water back to the surface and prevent the formation of sea ice. The researchers have recently published a study in the journalexplaining why this does not occur. According to their research, the lower salinity of surface water in the polar regions prevents the warmer water from rising to the surface, leading to the formation of sea ice.
The strength of this salinity lid is due to the unique properties of the seawater. In freshwater, water that is colder than 4 degreeshas a lower density and therefore remains at the surface and freezes into ice, without mixing with water from greater depths. In the ocean, saltwater has a density that is lowest exactly at the freezing point, around -2C. However, the density of the water varies much less with the temperature in cold water than when it is warmer, which is very unusual for a fluid.
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