One of the most interesting and important questions in cosmology is, 'How much matter exists in the universe?' An international team, including scientists at Chiba University, has now succeeded in measuring the total amount of matter for the second time. Reporting in The Astrophysical Journal, the team determined that matter makes up 31% of the total amount of matter and energy in the universe, with the remainder consisting of dark energy.
, whose mysterious nature is not yet known but may consist of some as-yet-undiscovered subatomic particles."
," says co-author Gillian Wilson, Abdullah's former graduate advisor and Professor of Physics and Vice Chancellor for research, innovation, and economic development at UC Merced.abundance,' is very sensitive to cosmological conditions and, in particular, the total amount of matter." To overcome this difficulty, the team was forced to use an indirect tracer of cluster mass. They relied upon the fact that more massive clusters contain more galaxies than less massive clusters . Because galaxies consist of luminous stars, the number of galaxies in each cluster can be utilized as a way of indirectly determining its total mass.
The best-fit match between observations and simulations was with a universe consisting of 31% of the total matter, a value that was in excellent agreement with that obtained using observations from the Planck satellite. Notably, CMB is a completely independent technique.
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