Mary Church Terrell can be credited for laying the groundwork of sit-ins, civil disobedience and peaceful protest for the civil rights movement. She was a role model for women such as Rosa Parks, Fannie Lou Hamer and many others.
, the year of the Emancipation Proclamation, she lived a bifurcated life of opportunity and oppression. Her father, the biracial son of a white businessman and a formerly enslaved woman, grew a fortune through real estate and pool halls, creating a life of privilege for his family. Those financial advantages afforded Terrell an education. When she earned a bachelor's degree from Oberlin College in 1884, she became one of the first African American women to hold a college degree.
Her exposure to wealth brought the mirage of possibility. She was multilingual, well-read and educated — yet she was also African American in a United States ruled by Jim Crow.When a family friend was lynched by a white mob in Tennessee, and the Supreme Court declared segregation legal inShe became a social and civil activist, joining or leading many clubs and societies formed to fight for the Black community, often focusing on women’s rights.
She was a charter member of the NAACP and one of the earliest leaders of Delta Sigma Theta, the prestigious sorority dedicated to public service founded in 1913. Terrell was one of the few Black women in theOne of Terrell’s most significant achievements came late in her life as she helped desegregate Washington, D.C.local law on the books that was all but forgotten.
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