The auroras were spotted on both the day and night sides of the Red Planet.
How charged particles such as protons on the solar wind impact Mars' dayside and generate proton aurora, while SEPs are able to ride the solar wind's magnetic field lines, into which Mars impinges, to reach the nightside of the planet.
Meanwhile, the SEPs brought to Mars by the solar storm were able to ride magnetic field lines in the solar wind all the way to Mars. The Red Planet impinges on this magnetic field, which wraps around Mars. Consequently, the SEPs followed the field lines of the solar wind's magnetic field to the nightside of the planet. Here, they penetrated deep into Mars' atmosphere and collided with atmospheric molecules to produce a second auroral phenomenon, the diffuse aurora.
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