A deadly volcanic eruption near Tonga in January was the largest ever recorded with modern equipment, a New Zealand-led team of scientists revealed Monday.
The Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai volcano erupted underwater with a force equivalent to hundreds of atomic bombs, unleashing a 15-meter tsunami which demolished homes and killed at least three people on the Pacific island kingdom.
A detailed study by New Zealand's national institute for water and atmospheric research shows the eruption blasted out almost 10 cubic kilometers of material—equivalent to 2.6 million Olympic-sized swimming pools—and fired debris more than 40 kilometers into the mesosphere, the level above the Earth's stratosphere.
Chart on the volcanic explosivity index, a numeric scale that measures the relative explosivity of historic eruptions.
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