The shooting of Amarena, one of around 60 remaining Marsican brown bears in central Italy, raises doubts about whether large carnivores can coexist peacefully with humans
, the founder of Salviamo L’Orso, a non-profit organisation working to save the Marsican bear from extinction. “If there are people who lure bears into towns for economic or selfish reasons, efforts by associations and institutions to keep these animals out of towns fail.”
Paula Mayer, a researcher at ETH Zurich in Switzerland, has studied the coexistence of bears and humans in Abruzzo, using a mathematical model to. She found that there is wide variation in people’s attitude towards bears, with more positive views in communities that profit from tourism, and more hostility in those dependent on subsistence farming.
“In the area where Amarena was killed, the map shows a high probability of coexistence, meaning both threats to bears are low and human tolerance is high,” says Meyer. “However, a model remains a model and can never predict with certainty what will happen in reality.”The killing of Amarena has taken people by surprise in a region that has been touted as a virtuous example of coexistence between humans and large carnivores.
“I believe that some areas of Abruzzo are truly models of coexistence. However, without a change in values, in the sense that the general population accepts wildlife in a shared landscape even if it brings them no instrumental benefit, we will never reach a deeply rooted and sustainable state of coexistence in the social-ecological system,” says Mayer.
“There is a need for the state to recognise the protection of nature and endangered species as a national priority, to invest in a culture of knowledge and respect for biodiversity, in the prevention of conflicts with large carnivores,” says Cipollone.
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