Johns Hopkins Scientists Have Developed a Nanobody That May Treat Parkinson’s Disease

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Johns Hopkins Scientists Have Developed a Nanobody That May Treat Parkinson’s Disease
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The nanobody can also punch through tough brain cells. The immune system uses proteins referred to as antibodies to detect and attack invading pathogens. Mini versions of antibodies, called nanobodies — natural compounds in the blood of animals such as llamas and sharks — are being researched to tr

The nanobody can also punch through tough brain cells.

. They set out to discover a new treatment method that could target the misshapen proteins known as alpha-synuclein, which have a tendency to cluster and impede the inner workings of brain cells. New research suggests that alpha-synuclein clumps can spread from the gut or nose to the brain, accelerating disease progression.

Traditionally, nanobodies produced outside of the cell may not perform the same function within the cell. As a result, the researchers had to strengthen the nanobodies in order for them to remain stable inside a brain cell. They achieved this by genetically engineering the nanobodies to purge them of the chemical bonds that normally degrade within a cell. Tests revealed that even without the bonds, the nanobody was still able to bind to misshapen alpha-synuclein and stay stable.

“Strikingly, we induced PFFNB2 expression in the cortex, and it prevented alpha-synuclein clumps from spreading to the mouse brain’s cortex, the region responsible for cognition, movement, personality, and other high-order processes,” says Ramhari Kumbhar, Ph.D., the co-first author, a postdoctoral fellow at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine.

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