Iran insists that the waterway that divides the country from its Arab neighbours should be known as the Persian Gulf. But Arabs are angling for it to be called the Arabian Gulf
Save time by listening to our audio articles as you multitaskThe latest catalyst is a football tournament. For the first time in decades Iraq has been hosting the Arabian Gulf Cup, which involves all the states bordering the waterway, bar Iran. It has been keen to show where its loyalties lie.
Iran is crying foul. It has shown treaties purporting to prove that the Gulf has been Persian since Darius the Great in the fifth century. It has also summoned Iraq’s ambassador, denounced Iraq in Iran’s parliament and projected the words “Persian Gulf” onto a football stadium in Tehran, the capital.
However, the economies of the oil-rich Gulf states offer Iraq juicier investment opportunities than Iran, which is hampered by Western sanctions. And though most of Basra’s inhabitants are Shias, like their Iranian neighbours across the border, many look to the football cup to revive the happy memories of Kuwaitis and Saudis, who follow the Sunni version of Islam but still used to come to the city for fun.
This time tens of thousands of fans jammed Basra’s corniche to cheer on their teams from across the so-called Arabian Gulf. “Iran’s occupation has been a disaster for Iraq’s economy and Arabic culture,” says Talib Abdulaziz, a Basra poet, referring to Iran’s political influence. Three decades after its invasion of Kuwait made Iraq a pariah among Arab states, the country is, he says, “coming home”.
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