“We might consider this as the next evolutionary step [in ants].”
, making them “chimeras,” researchers report in the April 7) are the first known species that requires chimerism to create fertile males.
Most animals develop from a sperm cell and an egg cell uniting into one, combining their DNA. As a creature grows, all of the subsequent cells, save for sex cells, carry two sets of DNA-bearing chromosomes, one from each parent. In other words, these somatic cells all carry the same genetic information. Sperm and egg cells contain just one set of chromosomes.
So Darras and colleagues collected hundreds of yellow crazy ants from across East and Southeast Asia. Analyzing females — queens and workers — revealed that royalty in this species has a genetic source. Reproductive queens came from combining sperm and egg cells from the same lineage, which the researchers dubbed R. Workers were hybrids of the two different lineages, the other being called W. In other words, workers had R/W genomes, while queens had R/R genomes.
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