A Review article published in Crit_Care discusses how in-hospital cardiac arrest continues to be associated with a high mortality rate and suggests understanding the associated prognostic factors to help determine outcomes for patients.
Prognostication before, during and after cardiac arrest can be challenging. Understanding the prognostic factors associated with IHCA may help to determine outcomes for patients before and after the event and can also guide important areas of care and future research.
A meta-analysis of adjusted results from 23 studies, including a large patient cohort of more than 90,000 patients, identified several pre-arrest factors that are associated with decreased survival []. Male sex , increasing age , active malignancy and renal disease are associated with decreased survival from IHCA.
The same meta-analysis demonstrated several intra arrest factors which were associated with increased survival []. Increased survival for witnessed IHCA , arrests in monitored settings and IHCA during times when hospitals are fully staffed suggest system processes may be modifiable to improve outcomes. Resuscitation attempts longer than 15 min and intubation during cardiac arrest were associated with decreased survival [].
Frailty has been defined as reduced physiological reserve and vulnerability to adverse health outcomes from physiological stressors which result from the accumulation of age and disease related deficits [
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