How royal funerals have changed, from Elizabeth I's corset to Queen Victoria's instructions 🔎 Explained by robhastings and cahalmilmo
From the full-length black mourning cloaks once required of mourners, to the carriage accident which gave rise to one of the state funeral’s most poignant features, the final departure of British monarchs has – much like the institution they represent – quietly evolved while maintaining its aura of tradition.
The first Elizabeth endured a slow and undignified end – apparently standing unassisted in her bedchamber in Richmond Palace for 15 hours, out of the fear that she would be unable to stand again if she laid down, and then spending four days on the floor before her servants finally got her into bed. Elizabeth I’s body was encased in lead inside a wooden coffin, which was covered in purple velvet. This was carried on a chariot pulled by four grey horses, with six knights holding a canopy over it.A life-size painted wooden effigy of Elizabeth lying down with a crown on her head and a sceptre in her hands was placed on top of the coffin, looking so lifelike that mourners are said to have gasped at the sight.
Elizabeth I was initially buried in the same vault within Westminster Abbey as her grandfather, Henry VII. But her successor commissioned a white marble monument and in 1606 her body was placed underneath that in the Lady Chapel, together with the body of her half sister Mary I. Much of the document related to the grave goods which the queen wanted her faithful doctor and aides to ensure were placed in her coffin, including a lock of the hair of John Brown, the faithful Balmoral manservant who became Victoria’s closest companion and is thought by some historians to have been her lover.
In reality, it was the failure of a metal eyelet linking the carriage to the horses’ reins which prompted the intervention. In a letter to, written 35 years later, an officer who had witnessed the incident said a contingent of sailors had “promptly and gallantly” stepped in to haul the coffin before soldiers from the Royal Artillery could fix the problem, and in so doing allowed the Royal Navy steal into perpetuity the honour of conveying British monarchs to their last resting place.
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