Rivka Galchen explores the curiosities and challenges of naming hurricanes.
The heat wave that hit Seville, Spain, at the end of July was distinguished not only by its temperatures, which exceeded a hundred and ten degrees, but by the fact that it was the first heat wave ever to have a name: Zoe. In June, the city initiated a system similar to that used for hurricanes. Each heat wave will receive an intensity ranking and a name, in reverse alphabetical order. Up next will be Yago, Xenia, Wenceslao, and Vega.
For hurricanes in the Atlantic Ocean, there are only six lists of names. Last year’s list was used six years ago, and six years before that, back to 1979. But now and then, after a particularly deadly or costly storm, a name gets retired. Brian McNoldy, a meteorologist at the University of Miami, explained that there is “no precise science” to making a storm name emeritus. “It’s not as if there’s a number of deaths, for example, after which a name gets retired,” he said.
But names, too, might affect how people prepare for storms. A 2014 study analyzed sixty-two years of records of mortalities associated with hurricanes. The lady hurricanes caused significantly more deaths than the gentlemen. The study also included experiments in which participants were asked to rank the riskiness of a hurricane after being shown a map and read a description of uncertainty about the hurricane’s future intensity.
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